hall be a monarchy or a republic.”
Each trust, again,杭州有口的足浴 had its own organisation, with attorney, treasurer, clerk and surveyor; and one may assume that each of these individuals, in turn, was inspired by no greater sense of public duty than were many of the trustees themselves, and was much more concerned in what he 杭州晚上男生玩的地方 could make out of the business for himself than in helping to provide through routes of communication in the interests of the community. The surveyors were, generally speaking, hopelessly incompetent. The short length of road in charge of a trust and the consequent limitation of the amount received for tolls did not, as a rule, warrant the payment of an adequate salary to a really qualified man, and the individual upon whom the courtesy title of “surveyor” was conferred was often either the pensioned servant of a local landowner or some other person equally unfit to be 杭州spa推荐entrusted with those functions of {84}road-management which the trustees, whether as the result of their mutual differences or otherwise, generally left in his hands. The “Edinburgh Review,” in the article already quoted, declares that “the state of the roads displays no 杭州男士美容会所 symptoms of well qualified commissioners. They leave the art and science of the business to their surveyor—who is commonly just as much in the clouds as themselves as to his own proper calling. With a laudable veneration for his forefathers, he proceeds according to the antient system of things, without plan or 杭州男士养生馆 method; and fearing no rivalry, and subject to no intelligent control, he proceeds, like his predecessors, to waste the road money on team work and paupers, and leave nothing for the public like a road but the name and cost of it.”
Nevertheless, the turnpike 杭州spa哪里可以口 system, defective in itself, badly administered, and burdensome to the toll-payers, did bring about an improvement in roads which previously had too often received little or no attention; and this improvement, as will be shown in the chapter that follows, had a material 杭州spa油压 influence on trade, travel and social conditions; though it was not to attain its maximum results until the turnpike roads had been supplemented by a further system of scientific road-making and road-repairing.
CHAPTER XI TRADE AND TRANSPORT IN THE TURNPIKE ERA
In strong contrast to the vigorous denunciations 杭州夜网桑拿按摩论坛 of Arthur Young of so many, though not all, of the roads over which his extensive journeyings through England had led him, are the statements of other authorities, writing about the same time, as to the commercial and social advantages resulting from such improvements 杭州夜生活好去处 as had been brought about. The conflict of testimony appears inconsistent until one remembers that, bad as were the particular conditions which Arthur Young describes, the general conditions were, nevertheless, better than before. Just as the first bone-shaking 杭州龙凤后花园网 stage-coach, without springs, seemed to Chamberlayne an “admirable commodiousness,” such as the world had never before seen, so, in the view of the writers who had not the same experience of travel as Arthur Young, turnpike
roads of any kind may have appeare